Question-answer

General criteria

Criteria for the use of helicopters:
- climatic and geographical features of the scene of the accident, inaccessibility or inaccessibility for road ambulance transport;
- the scale of the incident (emergency situations) that do not allow mobile emergency medical teams to eliminate its medical and sanitary consequences on their own within the established time frame;
- the need for sanitary and aviation evacuation from the scene of a road accident of victims who need specialized (including high-tech) medical care in multi-specialty (specialized) hospitals;
- the need to provide specialized (including high-tech) medical care in multi-specialty (specialized) hospitals if it is impossible to provide medical care in accordance with the procedure (in agreement with the host medical organization);
- emergency delivery of medical workers, medicines and medical devices, blood products and (or) its components, consumables and other medical supplies necessary to save the lives of patients to the place of an emergency, road traffic accident and to a medical organization;
Criteria for not using helicopters
- agonal state;
- coma;
- adverse weather conditions

Additional criteria

Providing medical care for acute coronary syndrome

Indications for helicopter departure
- acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation on an ECG without thrombolytic therapy (hereinafter referred to as TLT) - the first 12 hours from the onset of the attack - for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (hereinafter referred to as PCI);
- acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation on ECG after TLT within 24 hours after TLT;
- for primary delayed PCI after TLT;
- acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation on an ECG with the development of cardiogenic shock, and/or acute left ventricular failure, and/or complete atrioventricular block, and/or post - infarction ventricular septal defect - if it is possible to maintain the target values of hemodynamics with drugs-for PCI within 24 hours or more from the onset of acute myocardial infarction; - acute myocardial infarction complicated by a ventricular septal defect, acute mitral insufficiency, for performing coronary artery bypass grafting (hereinafter referred to as CABG) for emergency indications, regardless of the period of development of acute heart attack;
- ACS and/or acute myocardial infarction without ST segment elevation on an ECG with refractory angina, increased troponins, with an ejection fraction according to ultrasound less than 40%, and a history of coronary artery stenting less than 6 months (or CABG);
- for performing PCI within 72 hours of the onset of pain.
Contraindications to helicopter departure
- acute myocardial infarction with a formed Q wave (QS) in a stable state;
- acute myocardial infarction without ST segment elevation on ECG in stable condition

The provision of medical care for stroke

Indications for helicopter departure
- subarachnoid or aneurysmal hemorrhage;
- reasonable suspicion of arteriovenous malformation in intracerebral hemorrhage;
- cerebellar hemorrhage with occlusion of the liquor pathways;
- ischemic stroke with occlusion of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways, with indications for bypass surgery or decompression of the occipital cranial fossa;
- stroke-hematomas in the hemisphere in the subacute period with compensated somatics (after consultation with the head of the neurosurgical Department or the doctor on duty at the regional vascular center).
Contraindications to helicopter departure
- intracranial hemorrhages in the acute period with violation of vital functions

Providing medical care to victims with injuries of various etiologies

Indications for helicopter departure
- severe open or closed craniocerebral trauma requiring specialized medical care in the field of "neurosurgery"
- injuries of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine (with or without fractures, dislocations, or subluxations of the spine) with spinal cord damage, nerve damage to the extremities that require specialized medical care in the field of "neurosurgery"
- severe damage to the pharynx, trachea, esophagus, requiring specialized medical care in the profiles of "otorhinolaryngology", "thoracic surgery"
- burns of more than 30% of the surface area of the body of II or more degrees, requiring the provision of specialized combustiological medical care;
- severe trauma to the chest, lungs and mediastinal organs, requiring specialized medical care in the profile of "thoracic surgery"
- severe eye injury requiring specialized medical care in the field of "ophthalmology"
- damage to the main vessels that require complex reconstructive surgery on the vessels;
- multiple fractures of the bones of the facial skeleton with displacement of bone fragments, requiring specialized medical care in the profile of "maxillofacial surgery";
- heavy open and closed injuries of the abdomen and/or retroperitoneum, requiring complex, including reconstructive surgery on the abdominal cavity and/or retroperitoneal organs;
- complex fractures of long tubular bones of any localization, fractures of the pelvic bones with a violation of the integrity of the pelvic ring, requiring complex reconstructive surgery;
- any damage accompanied by shock of II - III degree and/or blood loss of more than 20% of the circulating blood volume;
- combination of the specified damages

Providing medical care to pregnant women, women in labor, women in labor, gynecological patients

Indications for helicopter departure
- threatening premature birth;
- preterm labor that has begun (latent phase 1 of the labor period when the cervix is opened up to 3 cm);
- complicated pregnancy that requires delivery in a group 3 maternity facility with further resuscitation of the mother and child;
- complicated course of the postpartum and/or postoperative period (condition after surgical treatment for massive bleeding, severe preeclampsia, postpartum sepsis, etc.);
- non-correctable violations of vital functions of the body that require the use of specialized medical equipment, high-tech treatment methods, long-term intensive care, parenteral nutrition, constant monitoring of vital functions (respiratory disorders, hemoliquorodynamics, heart activity, metabolic disorders);
Contraindications to helicopter departure
- the need to use a transport incubator during medical evacuation;
- massive bleeding (air ambulance evacuation is possible only after hemostatic and anti-shock therapy)
- shock of II - III degree (sanitary and aviation evacuation is possible only after recovery from shock);
- convulsive status (sanitary and aviation evacuation is possible only after the convulsions are stopped);